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National Historic Landmark
This designation is an official recognition by the Federal Government of a historic property's national significance. National Historic Landmarks are places where significant historical events occurred, where prominent Americans worked or lived, that represent those ideas that shaped the nation, that provide important information about our past, or that are outstanding examples of design or construction. Many historic places are significant on a state, regional or local level, but few have importance for all Americans. Those that are designated as National Historic Landmarks "possess exceptional value or quality in illustrating and interpreting the heritage of the United States."
Protection and Restrictions
The National Park Service oversees the designation of these nationally important places and can provide assistance and support. Once selected as a NHL there is limited protection. Listing a private property as a National Historic Landmarks does not prohibit the owner from making any changes or alterations. The NPS may recommend various preservation actions, but owners are not required to follow these suggestions. Owners may make any changes they wish if Federal funding, licensing or permits are not involved.
If Federal funding or licensing is involved, then the project is subject to review under Sections 106 and 110(f) of the National Historic Preservation Act. Section 106 requires that the Federal government must "take into account" the effects their work will have on the historic property and allow the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation to comment on it. Section 110(f) states that if a Federal activity will "directly and adversely affect" a Landmark, that the agency involved must "undertake such planning and actions as may be necessary to minimize harm to the Landmark."
Benefits
Section 106 review can also serve as a benefit to a designated National Landmark and ensure that incompatible development projects or other Federally funded programs are reviewed and modified to avoid, mitigate or minimize potential harm to the historic property. There are also limited Federal grants available for preservation and income tax incentives for easements and rehabilitating income-producing properties. Landmark owners can also receive a bronze plaque identifying the Landmark status of the structure.
Connecticut has 60 National Historic Landmarks including the 1720 Stanley Whitman House in Farmington, the Yale Bowl in New Haven, the Sabino, Excursion Steamer in Stonington and the 1949 Philip Johnson Glass House in New Cannan. For a complete list of the state's NHLs please use the link provided below.
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